Everything about Thomas Tusser totally explained
Thomas Tusser (
1524–
1580) was an
English poet and farmer, best known for his instructional poem
Five Hundred Points of Good Husbandry, published in
1557, and for the oft-repeated
proverb, "A fool and his money are soon parted."
He was born in
Rivenhall,
Essex, in around 1524, the son of William and Isabella Tusser. At a very early age he became a
chorister in the St Nicholas' collegiate chapel at
Wallingford Castle,
Wallingford,
Oxfordshire. He appears to have been pressed for service in the
King's Chapel, the choristers of which were usually afterwards placed by the king in one of the royal foundations at
Oxford or
Cambridge. But Tusser entered the choir of
St. Paul's Cathedral, and from there went to
Eton College. He has left a quaint account of his privations at
Wallingford, and of the severities of
Nicholas Udall at Eton.
He was elected to
King's College,
Cambridge, in
1543, a date which has fixed the earliest limit of his birth-year, as he'd have been ineligible at nineteen. From King's College he moved to
Trinity Hall, Cambridge, and on leaving Cambridge went to court in the service of William, 1st Baron Paget of
Beaudesart, as a
musician. After ten years of life at court, he married and settled as a farmer at
Cattiwade,
Suffolk, near the river
Stour.
There he wrote
A Hundreth Good Pointes of Husbandrie a long poem in rhyming couplets recording the country year. This work was first printed in
London in 1557 by publisher
Richard Tottel, and was frequently reprinted. Tottel published an enlarged edition
Five Hundreth Pointes of Good Husbandrie in 1573. Tusser includes a homely mix of instructions and observations about farming and country customs which offer a fascinating insight into life in
Tudor England, and his work records many terms and
proverbs in print for the first time.
He never remained long in one place. For his wife's health he removed to
Ipswich. After her death he married again, and farmed for some time at
West Dereham. He then became a singing man in
Norwich Cathedral, where he found a good patron in the dean,
John Salisbury.
After another experiment in farming at
Fairstead, Essex, he moved once again to
London, whence he was driven by the plague of
1572–
1573 to find refuge at Trinity Hall, being matriculated as a servant of the college in 1573. At the time of his death he was in possession of a small estate at
Chesterton,
Cambridgeshire, and his will proves that he was not, as has sometimes been stated, in poverty of any kind, but had in some measure the thrift he preached. Thomas Fuller says he "traded at large in oxen, sheep, dairies, grain of all kinds, to no profit"; that he "spread his bread with all sorts of butter, yet none would stick thereon." He died on
3 May 1580. An erroneous inscription at
Manningtree, Essex, asserts that he was sixty-five years old.
According to
John Stow's
Survey of London, Cheape Ward, Thomas Tusser was buried in the now lost church of
St Mildred in the Poultry. The inscription on his tomb there was as follows:
"Here Thomas Tusser, clad in earth, doth lie,
That sometime made the pointes of Husbandrie;
By him then learne thou maiest; here learne we must,
When all is done, we sleepe, and turne to dust:
And yet, through Christ, to Heaven we hope to goe;
Who reades his bookes, shall find his faith was so."
Stow's editor adds the following epigram on Tusser from a volume called
The More the Merrier (1608), by 'H. P.':
Ad Tusserum
"Tusser, they tell me, when thou wert alive,
Thou, teaching thrift, thyselfe couldst never thrive.
So, like the whetstone, many men are wont
To sharpen others, when themselves are blunt."
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